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This is certain for some groups and communities, but for others, such as the Mixes, Chinantecos, Triquis, or Tacuates, those who can control their nahual or alterego are protectors of the people, natural resources and culture of the community, highly revered, but also feared.In 1887, Sergeant Oscar Francisco Gimenez Nava was found to be a nagual. According to Kaplan, the belief in animal spirit companions is exclusively indigenous. Kaplan concludes that, in Oaxaca, the belief in naguals as evil, shape shifting witches is common in both indigenous and Mestizo populations.
A solid consensus of authors and curators today interpret as expressing a belief in therianthropic shapeshifting, often citing as the root of the Mesoamerican and Desert Southwest shapeshifter folktales. The werewolf is neither the only nor the earliest form of folklorical (shapeshifting from human to animal, or vice versa). However, folklore is not limited to Europe, nor to the Middle Ages for example, some of Earth's oldest literature, the Eastern Semitic, and East Asia's (origin of this folklore is of unknown date, but eighteenth century at the latest), contain shapeshifters. Among the Jacaltek, naguals reinforce indigenism by punishing those who collaborate with non-indigenous.In 1955, Gustavo Correa suggested Nagualism is not, arguing that it was wholly imported from Europe, where he compared it to the medieval belief in. He identified various beliefs associated with Nagualism in modern Mexican communities such as the, the, the and the.Subsequently, many studies have described Nagualism in different Mesoamerican cultures such as the and the. Nagualli are hired to remove curses cast by other nagualli.In other communities the accusation of Nagualism may result in violent attacks on the accused by the community.The Western study of was initiated by archaeologist, linguist, and ethnologist who published Nagualism: A Study in Native-American Folklore and History, which chronicled historical interpretations of the word and those who practiced Nagualism in Mexico in 1894. The community knows who is a nagual, tolerating, fearing and respecting them. In the god was the protector of Nagualism, because his tonal was the jaguar and he governed the distribution of wealth.In modern rural Mexico, nagual is sometimes synonymous with brujo ('wizard'): one who is able to shapeshift into an animal at night, (normally into a, a big, or ) drink blood from human victims, steal property, cause disease, and the like.In some indigenous communities the nagual is integrated into the religious hierarchy. They would have specific tonals such as the. Practitioners of powerful magic were normally born on days related to animals with a strong or harmful aspect. It is probable that the tonal represents the daytime aspect and the nagual the nighttime aspect of the tonalli, 'the things of the day'. In Nahuatl the word is used to refer both to a day and to the animal associated with that day.The nagual is considered different where the tonal is the day spirit itself, the nagual is the spirit familiar of the day.
A person born on 'Dog Day' would have both strong and weak 'dog' aspects.
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